A two year old old presents for a well baby exam.  It is determined the child has undescended testes.

Cryptorchidism occurs in 3% of term infants. Discuss this condition.
Is this condition congenital? Why or why not?
Consider testicular cancer. What kind of connection do these conditions share?  If none discuss the pathophysiology of testicular cancer.

Citations: At least one high-level scholarly reference in APA from within the last 5 years