Science in the News

• 500 words plus references (i.e. two-double spaced page, plus a reference page)
• Choose one of the human diseases covered in lecture, or any other disease or
  topic in medicine that is of interest to you. (i.e. hypertension, asthma).
• Read a current news article about the disease or topic, examples of websites
  with relevant articles are listed below, but feel free to find a news article on any site.
• First page, discuss the population who is most often effected by the disease and the mechanism of action behind the disease. What system does it effect? What organ? cell types? What effect does it have on homeostasis? How does it effect the individual? What symptoms to they get? Is the disease caused by a genetic mutation or the environment/lifestyle or both?
• Second page summarize the article. You can also discuss the most common treatments for the disease. In addition, discuss any novel or new treatments that are being developed 

There are 3 parts to this assignment and 2 articles to find. Please read each part carefully before proceeding. You will need to submit at least a 2-page paper, single spaced, and include each articles title, author, publication site (journals, magazines, web-sites) and date of publication.

PART 1 Find and read 2 different types of nutrition-related articles published on the Internet.

Article 1: This should be an article of interest to you which you find on a web site or link you have already explored in this class, or others with which you are familiar. It should include general information but should NOT be a research article although it may include explanation about some research as supporting evidence. The article should be more than just a paragraph or a blog. If using Google or another search engine, try to narrow the topic when you conduct your search so it is specifici.e. type 2 diabetes and weight loss; the benefits of 7 to 9 servings of fruits and vegetables; breastfeeding and decreased risk of allergies; depression and Vit. D intake. Choose a topic of interest to you.

Article 2: Find and read a peer reviewed, evidence based, scientific article about the SAME nutrition topic (or close to it). It should be published in a research journal. There are 2 ways to do this:

Go to http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/ (Links to an external site.)

You need to find a Full Text Article and it needs to explain research (an experiment or a summary of experiments that follow the scientific method). Scan the entire article to review the parts of research (may include: abstract, introduction, methods or design, data analysis, results, discussion, limitations, conclusion).You need to read at least the Abstract, the Introduction, the Results and Discussion and the Conclusion to complete this assignment. 

Example of a Research Article title:

Getting heavier, younger: trajectories of obesity over the life course. Title of article

By: Lee, J. M.; Pilli, S.; Gebremariam, A.; Keirns, C. C.; Davis, M. M.; Vijan, S.; Freed, G. L.; Herman, W. H.; Gurney, J. G.. Authors of article

International Journal of Obesity, Name of the journal where the article appears

Apr2010, Vol. 34 Issue 4, p614-623,; date and where to find the article

10p, 8 Charts, 7 Graphs, Abstract, Information about what to expect.

PART 2: Write a review of each article and answer the following questions in narrative form.

Article 1

Title of article, name/s of the reporter or authors, name and address (URL) of the web site, the date the articles were published or posted, the name of the journal the article was in.

Critically analyze the web-site where you found your first article. Go to the About Us link and find out about the web-site sponsor: look for a list of the board of directors, the vision or goal of the site; how old is the web-site, and other descriptive information. Report on whether something is for sale. This will entail some investigation. Be nosey and find information that helps you determine what the website is offering. 

Determine the credentials of the author(s) that make them a qualified writer. Explain why you think they are qualified. (Refer to the text for exact criteria.) They may not be credentialed but still qualified to write the article….explain why, i.e. have science or health writing experience, refer to studies and experts to support claims and ideas, provide resources and references.

In your own words summarize the information presented: the main idea of the article, the objective, intent, outcome…explain what the article is about.

Address whether the author(s) presented the info clearly and provided support to make the information trustworthy, i.e. were experts quoted; were statistics or studies discussed? What was said? Provide examples.

Address whether the information was understandable and applicable. How useful and practical is the information and for who? Explain any tips or hints the author suggested for making changes. Provide examples.

Does the article relate to the title? Is the layout easy to follow and does the information flow? Provide examples how. 

State your opinion about the article: did you like the article; learn new information (examples of what you learned.); trust the information (based on what you found out about the web site, the author and the supporting information provided by the author); was it practical; can you apply the information; did the article do what you thought it would do?

Article 2

State the name of the article, the authors, the journal and date that the article was published in the journal. (Notesome research articles are available on online publishing sites but they should include the date and may include a journal it was also published in.)

Provide a summary of the authors background information.

Explain what was being researched, i.e. what is the hypothesis? Look in the introduction section for why the authors want to do this researchwhat are they hoping to find?

Give a brief explanation of the study design. Find this in the Introduction and the Methods section. You do not have to tease out the details but try to find who/what was under investigation; how many people were involved and for how long did the study last? What was the intervention, i.e. what was given or done to the intervention group and what was given to the control group as a placebo?

State the outcome of the study. What happened? What did the researchers discover?

Was the outcome significant? find this in the Discussion and/or Conclusion of the article.

State your opinion about the article: did you like the article; learn new information (examples of what you learned.); trust the information (based on what you found out the authors and the supporting information); did you understand the study and understand how the outcome may be useful.

PART 3: Comparative critique: Compare and contrast the 2 articles.

Explain major differences and similarities:

Discuss which type of nutrition information is most trustworthy: reliable and credible.

Compare the content differences, the format, and the goals/intent of each article.

State the intended audience for each article. Who would be most likely to read each one and why?

Discuss what features you liked or did not like about the articles.

Which one was most understandable to you and why?

Which one gives you the most applicable information?  

Which one did you prefer and why?

So, you have finally decided to complete your dissertation and become a Ph.D., but now you find it hard to concentrate on work and complete the research? Do not give up, and do not feel bad. This entire scenario is normal, and many postgraduate students find themselves wondering whether the degree is worth the struggle. The answer is “Yes!” and a short period of struggle shouldn’t discourage you. We have gathered the best advice from thesis writers that will help you keep up with completing your dissertation and becoming a Ph.D.

1. Believe in Yourself

If you give up on yourself, there’s a good chance that no  will be good enough to help you with that. Professional writers and motivational speakers always remind that knowing your abilities and believing in your own skills and strength will do good for whatever task you’re working on, even if it is as complicated as writing a thesis paper.

2. Divide and Conquer

If you feel like staying on track requires too much effort, try dividing the entire task into smaller ones. Instead of thinking that you have to complete the entire dissertation, plan writing separate chapters, or to research different aspects of your topic. By doing so, you’ll make it easier for yourself to stay on track, stick to the schedule, and overcome any possible difficulties. Develop a plan with all the small tasks that will eventually make up your dissertation, and you won’t even notice how easy the entire process is.

3. Take a Break

While working on your dissertation, make sure that no other major issues are bothering you (the ones that you can control, of course). Many professional thesis writers mention that writing a complicated piece of text that requires thorough research, understanding, and analysis will not be improved if you have too much stress on your mind. One of the best ways of giving yourself a little break is to . By delegating some of your critical tasks to a professional, you’ll give yourself a chance to breathe and concentrate on the serious work that’s facing you. If you feel like addressing a thesis service writers for assistance with a part of your research or writing task, go for it.

4. Start Writing

Even if you don’t know where to start, just start writing. This trick is a go-to of many professional thesis writers. If you have already chosen to work on a specific topic and complete a dissertation on it, you know at least something about it, so why not start there? Whether you feel the most comfortable with a literature review or an introduction at this point doesn’t matter. Either way, you know that the appetite comes during the meal, and inspiration works the same way. 

5. Focus on Self-Care

Taking care of yourself is always important, but it is also of critical value when you’re working on your dissertation. If you’re exhausted both physically and emotionally, no good will come from your attempts to complete a dissertation. On the contrary, getting enough sleep at night, eating healthy foods, , and keeping your muscles toned will only improve your ability to conduct research and write a complex text. Be sure to develop a routine that allows for both work and relaxation.

Completing a dissertation is a demanding and time-consuming yet rewarding task. If you feel like maybe it’s not worth the struggle, remember what made you want to complete your dissertation in the first place. Hopefully, this article could help you understand that there are many ways not to give up on working toward your Ph.D.

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Please upload the final examination essay questions here.

1.  Why is Y chromosome STR analysis sometimes used in sexual assault  cases?  Can the Y-STR analysis be used to show that a suspect is a  match for a particular sample?  

 2.  What is touch DNA?  When would it be used? What are the  limitations and drawbacks of its use?  (Use two outside sources for your  response and cite using APA format).

3.   Describe the CODIS system and its use in detail. Include a discussion of databases, indexes and tiers.

 4. There was a major case of suspected child abuse in Texas that in  2009 that was highly publicized.   One of the issues in the case is that  mothers and fathers of the children have not been able to be determined  since the parents will not divulge the information.  As a result of  this, the courts ordered DNA tests on all parents and children.

The mother had genotype 8,12 and the father had genotype 11,12. Two  children were tested and had the following genotypes: Child A- 8,12 and  Child B- 8,9.

a) Is child B the son of the father?  Explain your reasoning in terms of the combined paternity index.

b) If A and B had children together what would be their possible genotypes for the genetic locus studied here?